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1.
Rev. med. Risaralda ; 20(2): 101-106, jul.-dic. 2014. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-760942

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Los escolares son susceptibles a padecer anemia y deficiencia de micronutrientes. No hay reportes del estado del hierro en indígenas del sector urbano. Objetivo: Establecer el estado del hierro en niños de 5 a 14 años de edad de seis comunidades indígenas residentes en la ciudad de Cali-Colombia. Sujetos y métodos: Se estudiaron 62 niños indígenas de 5 a 14 años de edad, sin antecedentes febriles. Se les midió hemoglobina, hematocrito, volumen corpuscular medio, ferritina y transferrina. Los datos fueron analizados con STATA versión 10.0. Se calcularon promedios y desviación estándar para las variables cuantitativas y para las cualitativas proporciones y distribución de frecuencia simple. Las comparaciones entre comunidades se realizaron con el Test de Mediana y t de Student. Resultados: Las variables bioquímicas no mostraron distribución normal frente a las variables hematológicas. Se presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significantes en la hemoglobina y hematocrito entre dos cabildos indígenas. La transferrina fue semejante en todos los cabildos; la ferritina mostró diferencias estadísticamente significantes. La prevalencia de anemia por deficiencia de hierro fue de 25,8%, siendo los Inga y Yanacona los más afectados. Conclusiones: Los niños indígenas presentaron deficiencia de hierro, y riesgo para el buen desarrollo físico y cognitivo. Se debe considerar la intervención, para establecer las causas y tomar medidas correctivas.


Introduction: The School children are susceptible for anemia and deficiency of micronutrients. No reports of the iron status in urban indigenous. Objective: To establish the iron status in children between 5 and 14 years old from six indigenous communities living in Cali-Colombia. Methods: Were studied 62 indigenous children, between 5 and 14 years old without antecedents of febrile illness. The hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, ferritin and transferrin were measured. Data were analyzed with the STATA program version 10.0. Averages and standard deviation were calculated for quantitative variables and proportions and simple frequency distribution were calculated for qualitative variables. Comparisons among communities were carried out via the Median test and Student t-test. Results: Biochemical variables did not show normal distribution in contrast to hematological variables. Statistically significant differences were found in hemoglobin and hematocrit between two indigenous councils. Transferrin levels were similar in all councils, while ferritin levels showed statically significant differences. Low iron supply anemia prevalence was 25.8% and Inga and Yanacona were the most affected. Conclusions: The indigenous children have iron deficiency, which may affect their physical and cognitive development. This guides in considering an opportune intervention to establish the causes and to take corrective measures.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Nutritional Status , Indigenous Peoples , Anemia , Iron , Hemoglobins , Transferrin , Colombia , Micronutrients , Ferritins , Hematocrit
2.
Rev. salud pública ; 11(6): 887-897, dic. 2009. tab, graf, mapas
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-542913

ABSTRACT

Objetivo Caracterizar la violencia sexual denunciada por jóvenes entre 10 a 19 años en Cali durante los años 2001 a 2006. Material y Métodos Se definió como presunta víctima denunciante de delito sexual a los jóvenes entre 10 a 19 años usuarios del servicio de Clínica Forense remitido por autoridad competente durante los años 2001-2006 y se compararon variables de tiempo, lugar y persona de los delitos sexuales cometidos por un familiar (intrafamiliar) y por conocido no familiar o desconocido (extrafamiliar). Fueron 661 casos de presuntas víctimas de delito sexual de ambos sexos en el rango de edad en estudio. La información se tomo de la plataforma de radicación de usuarios del servicio de clínica forense. Se establecieron las frecuencias de presuntas víctimas entre 10 y 19 años de delito sexual y se exploraron las relaciones entre variables utilizando el Chi Cuadrado y el Riesgo Relativo. Resultados Del total de lo casos incluidos en el estudio 83 por ciento fueron mujeres; 78 por ciento bajo condición de estudiantes. Mas del 50 por ciento menores de 15 años. En el 87 por ciento de los casos se conocía el agresor. Se halló asociación significativa entre vinculo con el agresor y lugar de ocurrencia del hecho con la edad de la víctima. Conclusiones Las características de ocurrencia de la violencia sexual en adolescentes son constantes y comparables con estudios históricos, en donde las dinámicas y organización familiar posibilitan el escenario propicio para el desarrollo de este tipo de hechos violentos.


Objective Characterising sexual violence reported by youngsters aged 10 to 19 in Cali between 2001 and 2006. Components and Methods Young people aged 10 to 19 who had been referred to a forensic clinic by a competent authority between 2001 and 2006 were defined as being presumed victims of sexual crimes. Variables of time, place and personsubjected to sexual crime committed by a family member (intrafamily), an acquaintance or unknown public individual (extrafamily) were compared. There were 661 cases of presumed victims of sexual abuse from both sexes in the age-range being studied. The information was taken from the forensic clinic's patient records. Chi square and relative risk were used in the statistical analysis of the data so collected concerning frequency for presumed sexual victims aged 10 to 19 and analysing the relationships between variables. Results 83 percent of the cases in the study were female, 78 percent were students and more than 50 percent were 15 year-old minors. The aggressors were known in 78 percent of the cases. A significant association was found between involvement with the aggressor and the place where the incident occurred with a victim's age. Conclusions The characteristics of sexual violence occurring in adolescents were constant and comparable with historical studies where family dynamics and organisation made such scene opportune for this type of violent act to be perpetrated.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Sex Offenses/statistics & numerical data , Violence/statistics & numerical data , Colombia , Urban Population , Young Adult
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